Service Projects (SPs) expand the usability of the software, models, and other resources we develop. They provide greater coverage than our Collaborative Projects (CPs) and test the generalizability of our resources. Our center has over 140 service projects in 24 countries.

Have a project you think would be a great SP? Please fill out this Google form or contact us at mobilize-center@stanford.edu.

Publications by Service Projects using Center resources
  1. Vandenberg, N. W., Stoneback, J. W., Davis-Wilson, H., Christiansen, C. L., Awad, M. E., Melton, D. H., & Gaffney, B. M. (2023). Unilateral transfemoral osseointegrated prostheses improve joint loading during walking. Journal of Biomechanics, 155, 111658. PMCID: PMC10330663
  2. Fox, A.S., Bonacci, J., Warmenhoven, J., & Keast, M.F. (2023). Measurement error associated with gait cycle selection in treadmill running at various speeds. PeerJ, 11, e14921. PMCID: PMC10026719
  3. Akhavanfar, M., Uchida, T.K., & Graham, RB. (2023). Evaluation of spinal force normalization techniques. Journal of Biomechanics, 147, 111441. 
  4. Li, G., Ao, D., Vega, M. M., Shourijeh, M. S., Zandiyeh, P., Chang, S.-H., Lewis, V. O., Dunbar, N. J., Babazadeh-Naseri, A., Baines, A. J., & Fregly, B. J. (2022). A computational method for estimating trunk muscle activations during gait using lower extremity muscle synergies. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10, 964359. PMCID: PMC9792665
  5. Bean, N. F., Lombardo, L. M., Triolo, R. J., & Audu, M. L. (2022). Facilitation of dependent transfers with functional neuromuscular stimulation: a computer simulation study. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 60(12), 3435–3445. PMCID: PMC9649884
  6. Pariser, K.M., & Higginson, J.S. (2022). Development and Validation of a Framework for Predictive Simulation of Treadmill Gait. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 144(11), 114505. 
  7. Green, M., Hong, Y. N. G., Roh, J., & Fregly, B. J. (2022). Computational modeling and simulation of closed chain arm-robot multibody dynamic systems in OpenSim. Multibody System Dynamics, 56(4), 313–334.
  8. Nikoo, A., & Uchida, T.K. (2022). Be careful what you wish for: Cost function sensitivity in predictive simulations for assistive device design. Symmetry. 14(12), 2534. 
  9. Cseke, B., Uchida, T. K., & Doumit, M. (2022). Simulating ideal assistive strategies to reduce the metabolic cost of walking in the elderly. IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering, 69(9), 2797–2805.
  10. Ao, D., Vega, M. M., Shourijeh, M. S., Patten, C., & Fregly, B. J. (2022). EMG-driven musculoskeletal model calibration with estimation of unmeasured muscle excitations via synergy extrapolation. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10, 962959. PMCID: PMC9490010
  11. Vega, M. M., Li, G., Shourijeh, M. S., Ao, D., Weinschenk, R. C., Patten, C., Font-Llagunes, J. M., Lewis, V. O., & Fregly, B. J. (2022). Computational evaluation of psoas muscle influence on walking function following internal hemipelvectomy with reconstruction. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10, 855870. PMCID: PMC9559731
  12. Bao, X., Audu, M. L., Friederich, A. R., & Triolo, R. J. (2022). Robust control of the human trunk posture using functional neuromuscular stimulation: A simulation study. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 144(9). PMCID: PMC8990743
  13. Costello, K. E., Felson, D. T., Jafarzadeh, S. R., Guermazi, A., Roemer, F. W., Segal, N. A., Lewis, C. E., Nevitt, M. C., Lewis, C. L., Kolachalama, V. B., & Kumar, D. (2023). Gait, physical activity and tibiofemoral cartilage damage: a longitudinal machine learning analysis in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(16), 1018–1024. PMCID: PMC10423491
  14. Selinger, J. C., Hicks, J. L., Jackson, R. W., Wall-Scheffler, C. M., Chang, D., & Delp, S. L. (2022). Running in the wild: Energetics explain ecological running speeds. Current Biology, 32(10), 2309–2315.e3. PMCID: PMC9169516
  15. Uchida, T. K., & Seth, A. (2022). Conclusion or illusion: Quantifying uncertainty in inverse analyses from marker-based motion capture due to errors in marker registration and model scaling. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10, 874725. PMCID: PMC9174465
  16. Trowell, D., Fox, A., Saunders, N., Vicenzino, B., & Bonacci, J. (2022). A comparison of plantarflexor musculotendon unit output between plyometric exercises and running. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 25(4), 334–339.
  17. Lim, Y., Chambers, T., Walck, C., Siddicky, S., Mannen, E., & Huayamave, V. (2022). Challenges in kinetic-kinematic driven musculoskeletal subject-specific infant modeling. Mathematical & Computational Applications, 27(3), 36.
  18. Akhavanfar, M., Uchida, T. K., Clouthier, A. L., & Graham, R. B. (2022). Sharing the load: modeling loads in OpenSim to simulate two-handed lifting. Multibody System Dynamics, 54(2), 213–234.
  19. Makowski, N. S., Fitzpatrick, M. N., Triolo, R. J., Reyes, R.-D., Quinn, R. D., & Audu, M. (2022). Biologically inspired optimal terminal iterative learning control for the swing phase of gait in a hybrid neuroprosthesis: A modeling study. Bioengineering, 9(2), 71. PMCID: PMC8869465
  20. Febrer-Nafría, M., Fregly, B. J., & Font-Llagunes, J. M. (2021). Evaluation of optimal control approaches for predicting active knee-ankle-foot-orthosis motion for individuals with spinal cord injury. Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 15, 748148. PMCID: PMC8818856
  21. Bailey, C.A., Uchida, T.K., Nantel, J., & Graham R.B. (2021). Validity and sensitivity of an inertial measurement unit-driven biomechanical model of motor variability for gait. Sensors. 21(22), 7690. PMCID: PMC8626040
  22. MacLeod, A. R., Peckham, N., Serrancolí, G., Rombach, I., Hourigan, P., Mandalia, V. I., Toms, A. D., Fregly, B. J., & Gill, H. S. (2021). Personalised high tibial osteotomy has mechanical safety equivalent to generic device in a case-control in silico clinical trial. Communications Medicine, 1(1), 6. PMCID: PMC9053187
  23. Dunne, J.J., Uchida, T.K., Besier, T.F., Delp, S.L., & Seth, A. (2021). A marker registration method to improve joint angles computed by constrained inverse kinematics. PLoS One, 16(5), e0252425. PMCID: PMC8162579
  24. Fox, A. S., Bonacci, J., Gill, S. D., & Page, R. S. (2021). Simulating the effect of glenohumeral capsulorrhaphy on kinematics and muscle function. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 39(4), 880-890.
  25. Febrer-Nafría, M., Pallarès-López, R., Fregly, B. J., & Font-Llagunes, J. M. (2021). Prediction of three-dimensional crutch walking patterns using a torque-driven model. Multibody System Dynamics, 51(1), 1-19.
  26. Gu, A., Goel K., Ré, C. Efficiently Modeling Long Sequences with Structured State Spaces. arXiv. [Preprint] Published online October 29, 2021 doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2111.00396v3
  27. Desai AD, Schmidt AM, Rubin EB, Sandino CM, Black MS, Mazzoli V, Stevens KJ, Boutin R, Ré C, Gold GE, Hargreaves BA & Chaudhari, AS (2022). Skm-tea: A dataset for accelerated mri reconstruction with dense image labels for quantitative clinical evaluation. arXiv. [Preprint] Published online March 14, 2022. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2203.06823
  28. Li, G., Shourijeh, M. S., Ao, D., Patten, C., & Fregly, B. J. (2021). How well do commonly used co-contraction indices approximate lower limb joint stiffness trends during gait for individuals post-stroke?. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, 588908. PMCID: PMC7817819
  29. Ao, D., Shourijeh, M.S., Patten, C., & Fregly, B.J. (2020). Evaluation of synergy extrapolation for predicting unmeasured muscle excitations from measured muscle synergies. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, 14, 108.  PMCID: PMC7746870
  30. Arones, M.S., Shourijeh, M.S., Patten, C., & Fregly, B.J. (2020). Musculoskeletal model personalization affects metabolic cost estimates for walking. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, 1358.  PMCID: PMC7725798
  31. Serrancoli, G., Kinney, A.L., and Fregly, B.J. (2020). Influence of musculoskeletal model parameter values on prediction of accurate knee contact forces during walking. Medical Engineering & Physics, 85, 35-47.
  32. Febrer-Nafr, M., Pallars-Lopez, R., Fregly, B.J., & Font-Llagunes, J.M., (2020). Comparison of different optimal control formulations for generating dynamically consistent orthosis-assisted crutch walking simulations. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 154, 104031. 
  33. Christine, W., Victor, H., Daryl, O., Todd, F., & Tyler, F. (2020). A patient-specific lower extremity biomechanical analysis of a knee orthotic during a deep squat movement. Medical Engineering & Physics, 80, 1-7.
  34. Pegg, E.C., Walter, J., D‚ Lima, D.D., Fregly, B.J., Gill, H.S., & Murray, D.W. (2020). Minimising tibial fracture after unicompartmental knee replacement: A probabilistic finite element study. Clinical Biomechanics, 73, 46-54.  PMCID: PMC10135372
  35. Shourijeh, M., & Fregly, B.J. (2020). Muscle synergies modify static optimization estimates of joint stiffness during walking. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 142, 011011.
  36. Miller, R. H., Bell, E. M., & Esposito, E. R. (2024). Transfemoral limb loss modestly increases the metabolic cost of optimal control simulations of walking. PeerJ, 12, e16756. PMCID: PMC10785795
  37. Zhang, C., Greve, C., Verkerke, G.J., Roossien, C.C., Houdijk, H., & Hijmans, J.M. (2022). Pilot Validation Study of Inertial Measurement Units and Markerless Methods for 3D Neck and Trunk Kinematics during a Simulated Surgery Task. Sensors, 22(21), 8342.  PMCID: PMC9658075
  38. McFarland, D. C., Binder-Markey, B. I., Nichols, J. A., Wohlman, S. J., De Bruin, M., & Murray, W. M. (2022). A musculoskeletal model of the hand and wrist capable of simulating functional tasks. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 70(5), 1424-1435. PMCID: PMC10650739
  39. Budzikowski, J., & Murray, W. M. Biceps Tenotomy and Tenodesis Surgeries Under-Tension Muscle: A Simulation Study. SSRN. Published online October 10, 2023. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4591171
  40. Ao, D., & Fregly, B. J. (2024). Comparison of synergy extrapolation and static optimization for estimating multiple unmeasured muscle activations during walking. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 21(1), 194. PMCID: PMC11529311
  41. Hammond, C.V., Williams, S.T., Vega, M.M., Ao, D., Li, G., Salati, R., Pariser, K.M., Shourijeh, M.S., Habib, A.W., Patten, C., & Fregly, B.J., (2024). The Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling Pipeline: MATLAB-based Model Personalization and Treatment Optimization Functionality for OpenSim. bioRxiv. [Preprint] Published online November, 20, 2024. doi: 10.1101/2024.10.30.620965
  42. Hammond, C. V., Henninger, H. B., Fregly, B. J., & Gustafson, J. A. (2024). Personalization of Closed-Chain Shoulder Models Yields High Kinematic Accuracy for Multiple Motions. bioRxiv. [Preprint] Published online December 22, 2024. doi: 10.1101/2024.12.19.629415
  43. Li, G., Ao, D., Vega, M.M., Zandiyeh, P., Chang, S.-H., Penny, A.N., Lewis, V.O., & Fregly, B.J. (2024), Changes in walking function and neural control following pelvic cancer surgery with reconstruction: a case study. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 12, 1389031. PMCID: PMC11140731
  44. Zhu, Y., Babazadeh-Naseri, A., Brake, M. R., Akin, J. E., Li, G., Lewis, V. O., & Fregly, B. J. (2024). Inclusion of Muscle Forces Affects Finite Element Prediction of Compression Screw Pullout but Not Fatigue Failure in a Custom Pelvic Implant. Applied Sciences, 14(22), 10396.
  45. Ao, D., Li, G., Shourijeh, M.S., Patten, C., & Fregly, B.J., (2023). EMG-driven musculoskeletal model calibration with wrapping surface personalization, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 31, 4235-4244. PMCID: PMC10644710
  46. Fox Aaron S. 2024. The quest for dynamic consistency: a comparison of OpenSim tools for residual reduction in simulations of human running. R. Soc. Open Sci.11231909. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.231909 PMCID: PMC11061640
  47. Keast, M., Bonacci, J., & Fox, A. (2023). Variability in tibia-fibular geometry is associated with increased tibial strain from running loads. Royal Society Open Science, 10(9), 230262. PMCID: PMC10523080
  48. Rolley, T., Gill, S. D., Keast, M., Reade, T., Page, R., Bonacci, J., Stella, J., Johnson, B., & Fox, A. (2023). Anticipatory effects on side-step cutting biomechanics in Women’s Australian Football League players. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 9(2), e001587. PMCID: PMC10277520
  49. Serrancolí, G., Torner, J., Perelli, S., & Monllau, J. C. (2021, September). On the Use of Mesh-Based Joint Contact Models Within Simulations Using Automatic Differentiation. In International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (pp. 244-249). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  50. Haralabidis, N., Colyer, S. L., Serrancolí, G., Salo, A. I., & Cazzola, D. (2022). Modifications to the net knee moments lead to the greatest improvements in accelerative sprinting performance: a predictive simulation study. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 15908. PMCID: PMC9508344
  51. Haralabidis, N., Serrancolí, G., Colyer, S., Bezodis, I., Salo, A., & Cazzola, D. (2021). Three-dimensional data-tracking simulations of sprinting using a direct collocation optimal control approach. PeerJ, 9, e10975. PMCID: PMC7950206
  52. Serrancoli, G., Bogatikov, P., Huix, J. P., Barbera, A. F., Egea, A. J. S., Ribe, J. T., Kanaan-Izquierdo, S., & Susin, A. (2020). Marker-less monitoring protocol to analyze biomechanical joint metrics during pedaling. IEEE Access: Practical Innovations, Open Solutions, 8, 122782–122790.
  53. Hafer, J. F., Vitali, R., Gurchiek, R., Curtze, C., Shull, P., & Cain, S. M. (2023). Challenges and advances in the use of wearable sensors for lower extremity biomechanics. Journal of Biomechanics, 157, 111714. PMCID: PMC10529245
  54. Bao, X., Audu, M. L., Friederich, A. R., & Triolo, R. J. (2022). Robust control of the human trunk posture using functional neuromuscular stimulation: a simulation study. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 144(9), 091002. PMCID: PMC8990743
  55. Bean, N. F., Lombardo, L. M., Triolo, R. J., & Audu, M. L. (2022). Facilitation of dependent transfers with functional neuromuscular stimulation: a computer simulation study. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 60(12), 3435-3445. PMCID: PMC9649884
  56. Makowski, N. S., Fitzpatrick, M. N., Triolo, R. J., Reyes, R. D., Quinn, R. D., & Audu, M. (2022). Biologically inspired optimal terminal iterative learning control for the swing phase of gait in a hybrid neuroprosthesis: A modeling study. Bioengineering, 9(2), 71. PMCID: PMC8869465
  57. Morrison, M. W., Miller, M. E., Lombardo, L. M., Triolo, R. J., & Audu, M. L. (2024). Anatomical Registration of Implanted Sensors Improves Accuracy of Trunk Tilt Estimates with a Networked Neuroprosthesis. Sensors, 24(12), 3816. PMCID: PMC11207283
  58. Haghighat, F., Rezaie, M., & Majlesi, M. (2024). How boots affect the kinematics and kinetics of lower limb joints during walking compared to casual footwear. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 18389. PMCID: PMC11310193
  59. O’Neill, M. C., Nagano, A., & Umberger, B. R. (2024). A three‐dimensional musculoskeletal model of the pelvis and lower limb of Australopithecus afarensis. American Journal of Biological Anthropology, 183(3), e24845.
  60. Denton, A. N., & Umberger, B. R. (2023). Computational performance of musculoskeletal simulation in OpenSim Moco using parallel computing. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 39(12), e3777.
  61. Boyer KA, Hayes KL, Umberger BR, Adamczyk PG, Bean JF, Brach JS, Clark BC, Clark DJ, Ferrucci L, Finley J, Franz JR. (2023). Age-related changes in gait biomechanics and their impact on the metabolic cost of walking: Report from a National Institute on Aging workshop. Experimental Gerontology, 173, 112102. PMCID: PMC10008437
  62. Banks, J. J., Wedge, R. D., Caldwell, G. E., & Umberger, B. R. (2022). Are lower back demands reduced by improving gait symmetry in unilateral transtibial amputees?. Clinical Biomechanics, 95, 105657.
  63. O’Neill, M. C., Demes, B., Thompson, N. E., Larson, S. G., Stern Jr, J. T., & Umberger, B. R. (2022). Adaptations for bipedal walking: Musculoskeletal structure and three-dimensional joint mechanics of humans and bipedal chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Human Evolution, 168, 103195.
  64. Banks, J. J., Umberger, B. R., Boyer, K. A., & Caldwell, G. E. (2022). Lower back kinetic demands during induced lower limb gait asymmetries. Gait & Posture, 98, 101-108.
  65. Park, S., Umberger, B. R., & Caldwell, G. E. (2022). A muscle control strategy to alter pedal force direction under multiple constraints: A simulation study. Journal of Biomechanics, 138, 111114.
  66. Johnson, R. T., O’Neill, M. C., & Umberger, B. R. (2022). The effects of posture on the three-dimensional gait mechanics of human walking in comparison with walking in bipedal chimpanzees. Journal of Experimental Biology, 225(5), jeb243272.
  67. Banks, J. J., Umberger, B. R., & Caldwell, G. E. (2022). EMG optimization in OpenSim: A model for estimating lower back kinetics in gait. Medical Engineering & Physics, 103, 103790.
  68. Park, S., Caldwell, G. E., & Umberger, B. R. (2022). A direct collocation framework for optimal control simulation of pedaling using OpenSim. Plos One, 17(2), e0264346. PMCID: PMC8863267
  69. Nguyen, V. Q., LaPre, A. K., Price, M. A., Umberger, B. R., & Sup IV, F. C. (2020). Inclusion of actuator dynamics in simulations of assisted human movement. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 36(5), e3334.
  70. Price, M. A., LaPrè, A. K., Johnson, R. T., Umberger, B. R., & Sup IV, F. C. (2020). A model‐based motion capture marker location refinement approach using inverse kinematics from dynamic trials. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 36(1), e3283.
  71. Rahimi-Goloujeh M, Allen JL (2024). Motor modules are largely unaffected by pathological walking biomechanics: a simulation study. bioRxiv. [Preprint] Published online: April 11, 2024. doi: 10.1101/2024.04.08.588563
  72. Ordonez Diaz, T., Licht, S., Wright, T. W., & Nichols, J. A. (2024). Disease severity versus pain severity: Range of motion differences during single‐and multiplanar tasks in women with carpometacarpal osteoarthritis. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 42(8), 1710-1718. PMCID: PMC11222045
  73. Diaz, M., Harley, J. B., & Nichols, J. (2024). Sensitivity Analysis of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Models During Isometric and Isokinetic Tasks. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 1-37. PMCID: PMC10750789
  74. Tappan, I., Lindbeck, E. M., Nichols, J. A., & Harley, J. B. (2024). Explainable AI Elucidates Musculoskeletal Biomechanics: A Case Study Using Wrist Surgeries. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 52(3), 498-509. PMCID: PMC11293275
  75. Lindbeck, E. M., Diaz, M. T., Nichols, J. A., & Harley, J. B. (2023). Predictions of thumb, hand, and arm muscle parameters derived using force measurements of varying complexity and neural networks. Journal of Biomechanics, 161, 111834. PMCID: PMC11293274
  76. Kearney, K. M., Harley, J. B., & Nichols, J. A. (2023). Inverse distance weighting to rapidly generate large simulation datasets. Journal of Biomechanics, 158, 111764. PMCID: PMC11270942
  77. Kearney, K. M., Harley, J. B., & Nichols, J. A. (2021). Classifying muscle parameters with artificial neural networks and simulated lateral pinch data. Plos one, 16(9), e0255103. PMCID: PMC8412284
  78. Diaz, T. O., & Nichols, J. A. (2021). Anthropometric scaling of musculoskeletal models of the hand captures age-dependent differences in lateral pinch force. Journal of Biomechanics, 123, 110498. PMCID: PMC8225253
  79. Hao, K. A., & Nichols, J. A. (2021). Simulating finger-tip force using two common contact models: Hunt-Crossley and elastic foundation. Journal of Biomechanics, 119, 110334. PMCID: PMC8044057
  80. Peiffer, J. D., Shah, K., Anarwala, S., Abdou, K., & Cotton, R. J. (2024). Fusing uncalibrated IMUs and handheld smartphone video to reconstruct knee kinematics. arXiv. [Preprint] Published online May 27, 2024. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2405.17368
  81. Shanbhag, J., Fleischmann, S., Wechsler, I., Gassner, H., Winkler, J., Eskofier, B. M., Koelewijn, A.D., Miehling, J. (2024). A sensorimotor enhanced neuromusculoskeletal model for simulating postural control of upright standing. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 18, 1393749. PMCID: PMC11133552
  82. Giori NJ, Radin J, Callahan A, Fries JA, Halilaj E, Ré C, Delp SL, Shah NH, & Harris AHS. (2021). Assessment of Extractability and accuracy of electronic health record data for Joint implant registries. JAMA Network Open, 4(3), e211728-e211728. PMCID: PMC7961313